Definition of idioms

A.    Definition of idioms

Idioms are groups of words or phrases that have different meanings than the words they form. The meaning produced by this group of words does not represent the meaning of the words in it and is more of a figurative meaning. Idioms or also called expressions are a combination of words that form new meanings which are not related to the basic forming words.

           The following are some examples of idioms

·         eye wash = find entertainment by seeing something beautiful

·         scapegoat = person who becomes a delegate of a mistake he did not commit

·          good red = fire in a fire

·          night butterflies = comfort women or commercial prostitutes

·         mild hand = rude or likes to commit acts of violence

·          Masks = men who are regular customers or commercial sex workers

B.     Types of idioms

There are several types of idioms that are in Indonesian that we usually use. These types of idioms can be distinguished according to their meaning and formation. According to the meaning of its constituent elements, Idioms are divided into 2, namely:

1.       Full Idioms

Full idioms are idioms in which their meaning is not seen in their constituent elements. Example:

·         Roll-out means bankruptcy

(As a result of the decrease in the number of sales, the company finally went bankrupt.)

·         Jago merah which means fire.

(The firefighters kept trying to extinguish the red rooster since last night.)

·         Dispose of fatigue which means to unwind

(They go on tours just to get tired.)

·         Flower village means the most beautiful woman in the area / place.

(Ani is a village flower that many people like in their villages)

·         Stand still, which means doing nothing

(Everyone in the company just stands idly by when the electricity goes out.)

2.       Partial Idioms

Partial idioms are idioms whose meaning can be seen from one of the constituent elements. Examples of partial idioms are:

·         Dead prices, which means they cannot be negotiable

(For them the win this time has become a fixed price.)

·         Green table which means court

(The land dispute was finally settled at the green table.)

·         Rose blood which means emotion

(Because the results are not in line with expectations, Agung rises blood.)

·         Cold head which means thinking calmly

(All problems can be solved with a cold head.)

·         Bird news, which means the news is uncertain or gossip

(Don't believe in rumors before certainty.)

While it is based on its forming words, the idiom is divided into 7 types, namely:

1.       Idioms use body language

·         Mouthiness which means arguing

(Aldi and Iwan are still involved in the issue of a tourist plan next month).

·         Half heart which means not serious

(Don't work halfheartedly if you want to succeed.)

·         The stone that means it doesn't want to obey

(Eka is famous for being stone head.)

·         Rose blood which means emotion

(Alvin immediately gets blood when he hears his native area is insulted by someone else.)

2.       Idioms use sense words

This type of idiom, in it uses words related to the sense of touch / feeling. Examples of idioms in this type:

·         Cold war which means war without arms, usually only in the form of bullying

(Until now America and Russia are still in the cold war.)

·         Dry, which means it is very dry

(Due to the long dry season our area starts to dry out.)

·         Caught red-handed, which means it is caught when doing the act

(The burglary who was caught can not dodge anymore.)

·         Skinny dry which means very thin

(Because he suffered from tuberculosis which never healed, now his body is emaciated.)

·         Warm news which means news that is being talked about by many people

(The corruption case of the regional head is now hot news.)

3.      Idioms use a type of color

These idioms use words related to the type of color. Example:

·         Jago merah which means fire

(Everyone worked together to extinguish the red rooster.)

·         Green table which means court

(The problem must finally be resolved at the green table.)

·         Still green, which means it has no experience

(The new player is still green with European football.)

·         Black on white which means a written agreement

(Make sure it's black and white if you don't want a dispute later.)

·         Green field which means sports arena, usually soccer

(The two teams that will compete start entering the green field.)

4.      Idioms use names of natural objects

Examples of idioms in this type:

·         Homeland which means the country of birth

(We must be proud of Indonesia, which is our homeland.)

·         Being monthly means the opponent's target

(The boxer becomes his opponent's more intense months.)

·         Star field which means field players

(Messi was the star of the field in yesterday's match.)

·         Capturing the wind which means work that is in vain

(All of his work has been like catching the wind.)

·         Rumors that mean issues or hearsay

(Rumor has it that this house is haunted.)

5.       Idioms use animal names

Examples of idioms in this type:

·         Scapegoat which means the person who is blamed

(They are busy looking for scapegoats for yesterday's events.)

·         Black horse which means something unexpected before

(The big team still doesn't believe yesterday they were defeated by the black horse.)

·         Snapper class which means great group or group

(The big-time thief was arrested by the police yesterday.)

·         Rhino energy which means powerful

(Aldi is indeed powered by rhinos, others have already rested, he still continues his work)

·         Mouse deer that means clever

·         (Eka has a deer mind so many things she can do.)

6.       Idioms use plant parts

Examples of idioms in this type:

·         One person who means living alone, has no siblings

(After being left behind by his parents, Lia now lives alone.)

·         Rose leaves, which means they are famous

(Because of the excitement he made now his name is on the rise.

·         Flower of sleep which means dream

(Don't get too complacent with the sleeping flowers until you forget to wake up.)

·         Branched tongue which means talk cannot be trusted

(Because the tongue is branched, many people ignore the conversation).

·         Flower village which means the most beautiful woman

(My mother used to be a village flower in her area.)

7.       Idioms use numbers

·         Silence a thousand languages ​​which means not to speak a word

(He always kept quiet when asked about his past)

·         One voice which means agree

(All one vote, if we go to Bali for next week's holiday.)

·         Five feet which means sword on the roadside

(Aldi prefers shopping on sidewalks because of lower prices.)

·         Half a pole which means a sign of grief.

(All residents hoist the flag half-mast to honor the death of the hero of the revolution.)

·         Seven keliling which means very heavy dizziness

(His father was dizzy with Andi's behavior)